Appleton, Sir Edward Victor, 1892-1965 (physicist and principal of the University of Edinburgh)
Dates
- Existence: 1892 - 1965
Biography
Appleton was born in Bradford and educated at local schools and St John's College, Cambridge where he was awarded first class honours and several prizes in both parts of the Natural Sciences Tripos (1913, 1914). He began research at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge with W.L. Bragg, but during his service in the Army Signals in the First World War he developed the interest in valves and 'wireless' signals which informed his subsequent research career. He returned to the Cavendish Laboratory in 1919, continuing to work on valves and, with B. van der Pol, on non-linearity, and on atmospherics. In 1924, in collaboration with M.F. Barnett, he performed a crucial experiment which enabled a reflecting layer in the atmosphere to be identified and measured; subsequent research indicated the existence of more than one reflecting layer. From 1924 to 1936 Appleton was Wheatstone Professor of Physics at King's College, London, directing research teams and, in 1932, heading an expedition to Tromsö in northern Norway as part of the programme of observations scheduled for the Second International Polar Year
He was President of the International Union of Scientific Radio (URSI), 1934-1952. In 1936 he succeeded C.T.R. Wilson in the Jacksonian Chair of Natural Philosophy at Cambridge, where he continued collaborative research on many ionospheric problems, including solar and lunar tides in the E-layer. From September 1936 he served on the re-constituted Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Defence (the 'Tizard Committee'), and in October 1938 was appointed successor to Sir Frank Smith as Secretary to the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR). He remained at the DSIR throughout the Second World War and until 1948 when he was appointed Principal of Edinburgh University. He took up the appointment in May 1949 and remained in office until his death in 1965. Appleton was elected FRS in 1927 (Bakerian Lecture 1937, Hughes Medal 1933, Royal Medal 1950) and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1947 for his investigations into the ionosphere. He was knighted in 1941.
Found in 663 Collections and/or Records:
'Wellenausbreitung in ionisierten Gasen unter dem Einfluss eines Magnetfelds', c.1925-1926, 1978
'Wilson's Theory of Thunderstorms', c. 1920
The material consists of 5 pages of manuscript notes, probably taken c.1920 and with annotations added later in blue pencil. Also included is a sequence of manuscript notes by another, on the same subject, and a reprint of C.T.R. Wilson's Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Paper 'Investigations on lightning discharges and on the electric field of thunderstorms', 1920.
'Work of R.D.F. Application Committee' [Radar Direction Finding], c. 1945
'Work of R.D.F. Application Committee' [Radar Direction Finding]. The material consists of a 5 page typescript for a speech or report. The author is unknown, but it has manuscript corrections by Appleton, no date and refers to study of 'angels' (radar echoes from unidentified objects).
Filtered By
- Subject: Physics X
Additional filters:
- Type
- Archival Object 662
- Collection 1
- Subject
- Correspondence 187
- Radio Broadcasting 42
- Magnetism 24
- Radar 17
- Absorption 13
- Norway 13
- Astronomy 11
- Meteors 11
- Magnetic Storms 8
- British Broadcasting Corporation 7
- Oscillations 7
- Mathematics 6
- Science 6
- Belgium -- Brussels 4
- Electricity 4
- History of Science 4
- Tides 4
- Atmosphere 3
- Nuclear Energy 3
- Television broadcasting 3
- Aurora 2
- Electronics 2
- Industry 2
- Johannesburg (South Africa) 2
- Nuclear Physics 2
- Peru 2
- Prizes 2
- Seasonal variations 2
- United States -- D.C. -- Washington 2
- World War, 1914-1918 2
- Air Force 1
- America 1
- Appleton, Edward Victor, Sir, 1892-1965 -- Correspondence 1
- Architecture 1
- Army Personnel 1
- Atomic bomb 1
- Auroras 1
- Australia 1
- Australia -- New South Wales -- Sydney 1
- Baking 1
- Biography 1
- Calculus Integral 1
- Canada 1
- Chemistry 1
- Civil Servants 1
- Coal 1
- Collisions (Nuclear Physics) 1
- Communication 1
- Copenhagen, Denmark 1
- Eclipses 1
- Electric Circuits 1
- Electrical engineering 1
- Electromagnetic Waves 1
- Encyclopedias and Dictionaries 1
- Falkland Islands 1
- Fuel Technology 1
- Glass 1
- Ionosphere 1
- Italy 1
- Madagascar 1
- Manchester (England) 1
- Massachusetts -- Harvard 1
- Microscopes 1
- Netherlands -- The Hague 1
- New Zealand 1
- Nuclear Weapons 1
- Principals, University 1
- Science Publishing 1
- Scottish literature 1
- Stars 1
- Stockholm (Sweden) 1
- Telescopes 1
- Television 1
- United States -- Colorado 1
- University of Edinburgh -- Principals 1
- Washington, D.C., United States of America 1
- Wave Motion, Theory of 1
- Weather 1
- World War, 1939-1945, War Work 1
- Zoology 1 + ∧ less