Notebook No.196, March 1854 - April 1854

This black notebook contains a record of Charles Lyell’s geological travels around the Canary Islands with Georg Hartung, Charles Bunbury, Mary Horner, and Frances Horner in the company of Mary Lyell, and Charles and Frances Bunbury. It starts March 23rd, 1854, complying Lyell’s observations in Tenerife focusing on La Orotava, Barranco de las Lajas, San Pedro, Valley of Taoro, Tigaiga, Barranco de la Raya, Mount Teide, Güímar, La Canada de los Guancheros, Degollado del Cedro, Icod et Alto, Barranco del Pino, Santa Ursula, Baranco del Bufadero, and Igueste. This notebook primarily focuses on the geological features and formations and includes a vast number of drawings and sketches of stratigraphical and geological features, primarily concerning volcanic activity, dikes, tuff, lava, dips, barometer readings and eruption. A drawing of note on page 20/105 and shows a clear sketch of Mount Teide from the Northeast of Tenerife. This notebook has page numbers running both ways, causing some of the pages to be numbered twice. Lyell refers to Leopold von Buch’s map of Tenerife. There are also references to shells (e.g., Helix) and plants.

[From “INDEX To NOTE Books on Geology of Maderia” p.84:]
p.14 P. of Teneriffe [Sic Tenerife] other Caldera
[p.14] Barranco de las Lagas fallen in?
p.15 Palma lava relative age speculation on
p.16 Lava on P. of Teneriffe [sic Tenerife] 11 & 12 from Llamas & Gaspar
[p.16] Lava fields Val de Taoro angles of 11 to 170.
p.18 Tigaiga lava & beds in sloping at inclined angle as qy [?] seen – dip of lava
p.20 Pico de Teyde [Sic Teide] outline of
p.22 Spartium [‘brown broom’] zone
From “INDEX To NOTE Books on Geology of Maderia” p.85
p.20 Circus Teyde [Sic Teide]
p.24 Do. Outline
p.26, 30, 33, 35} Do. Outline Panorama
p.36 Old water course
p.38 River before pumice came & lava
[p.38] Graystone nodular of Cabezoth [sic Cabezón]
p.40 Cliff down to water?
[p.40] Graystone rather than trachyte
p.40 Destruction of wood on Teneriffe [Sic Tenerife]
[p.40] Thermometer in Circus
p.43 Columnar graystone 80ft thick
[p.43] Trachyte not vesicular
[p.43] Loose scoriaceous at height of 9000 ft
p.45 (49) Degollada slope angle of 16 -
p.46 Trachyte not oldest
[p.46] So in Maderia
Peak on Solfatara – saw vapour
p.50 Slope 16 near Peak 14 farther off - (but between Degollada & [Agulact?] flatter?)
[From “INDEX To NOTE Books on Geology of Maderia” p.86:
p.51 Index to V[on] Buch
p.53 Do.
p.54 Columnar basalt P. Orotava at angle of 6°
[p.54] Arch of lava Sa Ursula [Sic Santa Úrsula] (near)
p.50 Sa Ursula [Sic Santa Úrsula] Barr[anc]o del Pino dip
p.57 -58 Do. Dip 39°. & 21.
p.61. Cause of & of Tigaiga
p.62 Do. Outward slope
p.66 Scoriaceous lava sh[oul]d be uppermost if slope increased
p.69 Tigaya – [Qy crossed out] Guimar [Sic Güímar] pummice in town
[p.60] Pass Guimar [Sic Güímar] slopes of lava 12° ½ on Orotava side
p. 72 Organs.r. bm [right at bottom?] of valley of Orotava
p. 74 Do.
p.76 Crater with pond in the middle like Lagua in Madeira
p.77 Cumbre ejection like Maderia.
[From “INDEX To NOTE Books on Geology of Maderia” p.87:
p.77 organos trachyte agglom[erate]?
p.78 Caldera view of
p.79 Relative age of trachyte & basalts
p.78 Vis Caldera safter the last dikes
p.80 Dike trachyte 10 ft wider in Perixilo another 15 ft wider
p.82 Guimar [Sic Güímar] cone sketch of & lava
p.85 Dikes horizontal & oblique
p.86 Dip of 24 S.W. side of ravine of Guimar [Sic Güímar]
[p.86] Guimar [Sic Güímar] lava angle of 14°
p.87 Qy as to gradual tilts
p.88 Channels in Guimar [Sic Güímar] lava when it slopes at 14°
[p.88] & 93 Ladera de Guimar [Sic Güímar] & L. de L’anee [text references Araya]
p.90 - [Ladera] dip of beds 11° but not true plan of dip
p.93 Ladera of Guimar [Sic Güímar] etc sketch
Pumice or white tosca in river
p.94 Bed near Arafa – Black lava of Guimar [Sic Güímar] with irregular outline above which pumice of plain.
[From “INDEX To NOTE Books on Geology of Maderia” p.88:
p.98 Old sea cliff from Candelaria
p.100 Candelaria black lava a white pumice
[p.100] Pumice
p.102 Do. & lava. S[anta] Isadore alternates of lava & pumice
p.104 Bar[ranc]o hondo (deep) lava like Gonsalio Ayres [sic Gonçalo Aires]
p.106 Wedging of lava
p.108 Cones near Sa[nta] Cruz of Tenerife no evident craters.
p.110 Pastor’s map of coast & upraised sea-shells
p.112 Dike with center vesicular
]p.112] Talu with land shells near B[arranco] de Bufadero [sic El Bufadero]
p.114 Sector of sea cliff near B[ufadero]
p.116 Boulder in B[arranco] de B[ufadero]
p.120 Bufadero arches in lava